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Healing & Tissue Repair Phase 2 / Phase 3 Clinical Trials PubChem CID: 16132341

TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4): Clinical Mechanism, Dossier & Protocols

Synthetic fraction of the naturally occurring 43-amino acid protein Thymosin Beta-4 that sequesters actin, promotes cell migration, reduces fibrosis, and accelerates systemic tissue healing.

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🔬 Molecular Architecture & Physical Specifications

Molecular Weight
4963.5 g/mol (Full Tβ4) / 886 g/mol (Fragment)
Chemical Formula
C212H350N56O78S
CAS Registry Number
77591-33-4
Elimination Half-Life
Systemic half-life ~24 hours; tissue actin-binding effects endure for multiple days
Administration Route
Subcutaneous (SC), Intramuscular (IM)
NCBI PubChem Record
Amino Acid Sequence: Ac-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro-Asp-Met-Ala-Glu-Ile-Glu-Lys-Phe-Asp-Lys-Ser-Lys-Leu-Lys-Lys-Thr-Glu-Thr-Gln-Glu-Lys-Asn-Pro-Leu-Pro-Ser-Lys-Glu-Thr-Ile-Glu-Gln-Glu-Lys-Gln-Ala-Gly-Glu-Ser (Full Tβ4)

⚙️ Primary Mechanism of Action

Binds and upregulates G-actin, facilitating cell motility and repair factor migration to injured sites; downregulates TGF-beta to prevent dense scar tissue and cardiac/muscle fibrosis.

💉 Research Dosage & Reconstitution Standard

Requires pharmaceutical-grade 0.9% benzyl alcohol Bacteriostatic Water to inhibit bacterial replication for multi-dose access.

Full Step-by-Step Guide →
Standard Vial Sizes
5mg, 10mg
Target Research Dose
Loading Phase: 2.0mg - 2.5mg twice weekly (5mg/wk) for 4-6 weeks. Maintenance: 2.0mg - 2.5mg every 2 weeks.
Administration Frequency
Twice weekly during loading phase
💧 Dilution Standard: Reconstitute with sterile Bacteriostatic Water for Injection (USP). Aim stream gently along the vial glass wall to avoid foaming. Store reconstituted solution at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) protected from light. Discard multi-dose punctured vials at 28 days pursuant to USP <797> standards. Never freeze reconstituted liquid.

⚠️ Contraindications & Documented Adverse Effects

Strict Contraindications

  • Active cancer/tumors (due to actin upregulation and cell migration effects)

Documented Side Effects

  • Temporary lethargy immediately following injection
  • Head rush / mild warmth
  • Injection site irritation

📚 Peer-Reviewed References & Authoritative Sources

Citations indexed in PubMed, National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and ClinicalTrials.gov.

2 VERIFIED CITATIONS
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (2007; 1112:140-147)
Comprehensive review establishing how TB4 regulates G-actin sequestration, mobilizes stem cells, and accelerates dermal wound re-epithelialization.
PMID: 17872365 · DOI: 10.1196/annals.1415.006
Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy (2012; 12:37-51)
Clinical review of randomized human trials evaluating Thymosin Beta-4 in chronic non-healing diabetic ulcers and ischemic myocardial repair.
PMID: 22074294

⚖️ Head-to-Head Comparisons Featuring TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4)

BPC-157 vs TB-500: Angiogenesis vs Actin Cell Migration for Injury Repair

BPC-157 specializes in localized angiogenesis, tendon/ligament collagen synthesis, and GI tract lining protection. TB-50...

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